PARADIGMA KEBEBASAN BERPENDAPAT: ANONIMITAS, BUDAYA PARTISIPASI, DAN DOMINASI SUBYEKTIFITAS PENGETAHUAN DI RUANG DIGITAL

Authors

  • Arya Wijaya Pramodha Wardhana Depatemen Ilmu Perpustakaan dan Informasi, Fakultas Ilmu Pengetahuan Budaya, Universitas Indonesia
  • Ayunda Trisna Ludi Tiara Depatemen Ilmu Perpustakaan dan Informasi, Fakultas Ilmu Pengetahuan Budaya, Universitas Indonesia
  • Rahma Sugihartati Departemen Ilmu Perpustakaan dan Informasi, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Politik, Universitas Airlangga
  • Taufik Asmiyanto Depatemen Ilmu Perpustakaan dan Informasi, Fakultas Ilmu Pengetahuan Budaya, Universitas Indonesia
  • Muhamad Prabu Wibowo Depatemen Ilmu Perpustakaan dan Informasi, Fakultas Ilmu Pengetahuan Budaya, Universitas Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29303/abdiinsani.v11i1.1468

Keywords:

Anonymity, Social Networking, User Preference Shifts, Subjective Knowledge Management

Abstract

Social networking is a platform where various users with different information needs, and access purposes come together. With this condition, to ensure the security and privacy comfort of users, Anonymity has emerged as a "minimal facility" to secure personal information when users are networking. However, as the characteristics of users evolve over time, there is a shift in usage preferences and compliance with regulations and ethics in social networking spaces. This also leads to the simultaneous growth of malfunctions in Anonymity that lead to unethical actions and even criminal activities. With various issues arising, this paper aims to explore the shift in usage patterns and user characteristics contributing to the emergence of Anonymity deviations in the digital space, using the concepts of digital culture and ethics. Using a literature review method, this research aims to form a comprehensive understanding of the use of Anonymity in the digital space. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach with a constructivist paradigm, focusing on collecting conceptual and theoretical data as well as supporting data related to freedom of expression, anonymity, participatory culture, and the dominance of subjective knowledge in the digital space over a span of 15 years (2008-2023). The study's results are expected to provide recommendations acceptable to all stakeholders and serve as a basis for further discussion in the same context in the future. The research concludes that Anonymity in the digital space presents challenges related to intellectual property rights, an increase in cybercrime cases, and uncontrolled access to controversial content such as pornography, making government regulation difficult due to technical constraints.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Ahorsu, D. K., Adjorlolo, S., Nurmala, I., Ruckwongpatr, K., Strong, C., & Lin. C. Y. (2023). Problematic Porn Use and Cross-Cultural Differences: A Brief Review. Current Addiction Reports, 10(3), 572–80. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40429-023-00505-3.

Aicher, A. B., Kornmüller, D., Minker, W., & Ultes, S. (2023). Self-Imposed Filter Bubble Model for Argumentative Dialogues. In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Conversational User Interfaces, 1–11.

Baggio, B., & Beldarrain. Y. (2011). Anonymity and Learning in Digitally Mediated Communications: Authenticity and Trust in Cyber Education. Anonymity and Learning in Digitally Mediated Communications: Authenticity and Trust in Cyber Education. Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania : IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60960-543-8.

Benedek, W., & Kettemann, M. C. (2020). Freedom of Expression and the Internet. Council of Europe.

Besser, Y. (2021). Web of Lies: Hate Speech, Pseudonyms, the Internet, Impersonator Trolls, and Fake Jews in the Era of Fake News. Ohio St. Tech, 17(1), 233.

Bintang, D. A. (2019). Produksi, Distribusi, Dan Konsumsi Cerita Panas Pada Subforum ‘Cerita’ Di Situs Semprot.Com: Kajian Sosiologi Sastra. Universitas Diponegoro.

Brashier, Nadia, M., & Schacter, D. L. (2020). Aging in an Era of Fake News. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 29(3), 316–23. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721420915872.

Cinelli, M., Morales, G. D. F., Galeazzi, A., Quattrociocchi, W., & Starnini, M. (2021). The Echo Chamber Effect on Social Media. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 118(9), e2023301118.

Craker, N., & March, E. (2016). The Dark Side of Facebook®: The Dark Tetrad, Negative Social Potency, and Trolling Behaviours. Personality and Individual Differences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.06.043.

Davis J. L. (2016). Identity Theory in a Digital Age. New Directions in Identity Theory and Research, 15(1), 137–64.

Dershowitz, A. (2020). Cancel Culture: The Latest Attack on Free Speech and Due Process. Simon and Schuster.

Dizon, M. A. C. (2018). Hacker Culture. In A Socio-Legal Study of Hacking. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203711361-2.

Duggan, M., Smith, A., & Anderson, M. (2018). Americans’ Internet Usage (Pew Research Center).

Fahrimal, Y. (2018). Netiquette: Etika Jejaring Sosial Generasi Milenial Dalam Media Sosial. Penelitian Pers Dan Komunikasi Pembangunan, 22(1), 69–78.

Floridi, L., & Sanders, J. W. (2001). Artificial Evil and the Foundation of Computer Ethics. Ethics and Information Technology. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011440125207.

Friedman, J. (2019). Power without Knowledge: A Critique of Technocracy. Oxford University Press.

Greenberg, E., & Weber, K. (2008). Generation We: How Millennial Youth Are Taking over America and Changing Our World Forever. Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling, 53. Emeryville,CA: Emeryville : Pachatusan. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004.

Grontas, P., & Pagourtzis, A. (2023). Anonymity and Everlasting Privacy in Electronic Voting. International Journal of Information Security, 1–14.

Haryono, G. C. (2020). Ragam Metode Penelitian Kualitatif Komunikasi. Sukabumi: CV Jejak Publisher.

Holt, T. J. (2020). Computer Hacking and the Hacker Subculture. The Palgrave Handbook of International Cybercrime and Cyberdeviance, 725–42.

Howart, J. W. (2019). Free Speech and Hate Speech. Annual Review of Political Science, 22, 93–109.

Lancu, L., & Bogdan, L. (2017). Elderly in the Digital Era. Theoretical Perspectives on Assistive Technologies. Technologies, 5(3), 60. https://doi.org/10.3390/technologies5030060.

Irena, B. & Setiawan, E. B. (2020. Fake News (Hoax) Identification on Social Media Twitter Using Decision Tree C4.5 Method. Jurnal RESTI (Rekayasa Sistem Dan Teknologi Informasi), 4(4), 711–16. https://doi.org/10.29207/resti.v4i4.2125.

Jansson, J. (2019). The Online Forum as a Digital Space of Curation. Geoforum, 106, 115–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2019.08.008.

Jenkins, H. (2006). Fans, Bloggers, and Gamers: Exploring Participatory Culture. Fans, Bloggers, and Gamers: Exploring Participatory Culture. https://doi.org/10.1080/09548963.2014.1000599.

Juditha, C. (2019). Buzzer in Social Media in Local Elections and Indonesian Elections, 199–212.

Katrini, E. (2018). Sharing Culture: On Definitions, Values, and Emergence. Sociological Review, 66(2), 425–46. https://doi.org/10.1177/0038026118758550.

Kim, M., Ellithorpe, M., & Burt, S. A. (2023). Anonymity and Its Role in Digital Aggression: A Systematic Review. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 72, 101856. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2023.101856.

Liu, L., Cheung, W. K., Li, X., & Liao, L. (2016). Aligning Users across Social Networks Using Network Embedding. IJCAI International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, (90604012),1774–80.

Mahmudah & Pradana, I. (2016). Hubungan Frekuensi Penggunaan Media Sosial Terhadap Tingkat Privasi Pada Generasi X , Generasi Y , Dan Generasi Z of Using Social Media Toward Level of Privacy on the X Generation, Y Generation, and Z Generation. Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology.

Moreno-Castro, C., Vengut-Climent, E., Cano-Orón, L., & Mendoza-Poudereux, I. (2021). Exploratory Study of the Hoaxes Spread via WhatsApp in Spain to Prevent and/or Cure COVID-19. Gaceta Sanitaria, 35(6), 534–41. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2020.07.008.

Murdiyanto, E. (2020). Penelitian Kualitatif (Teori Dan Aplikasi Disertai Contoh Proposal). Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (LP2M) UPN Veteran.

Oh, S., & Syn, S. Y. (2015). Motivations for Sharing Information and Social Support in Social Media: A Comparative Analysis of Facebook, Twitter, Delicious, YouTube, and Flickr. Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 66(10), 2045–60. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.23320.

OnionScan. (2023). OnionScan Repot 2023. https://onionscan.org/.

Ortiz, S. M. (2020). Trolling as a Collective Form of Harassment: An Inductive Study of How Online Users Understand Trolling. Social Media+ Society, 6(2), 2056305120928512.

Potter, R. H., & Potter, L. A. (2001). The Internet, Cyberporn, and Sexual Exploitation of Children: Media Moral Panics and Urban Myths for Middle-Class Parents?. Sexuality and Culture. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12119-001-1029-9.

Kaila, P. (2022). Anonymity Online and the Perfect Environment for Cybercrime. Utica University.

Rainie, L., Anderson, J., & Albright, J. (2017). The Future of Free Speech, Trolls, Anonymity and Fake News Online|Pew Research Center. PEW Internet. https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2017/03/29/the-future-of-free-speech-trolls-anonymity-and-fake-news-online/.

Redhill. (2019). Redhill ASEAN Youth Survey 2019, 1–17. http://www.aseanyouthsurvey.com/.

Riffe, D. & Wagner, K. P. G. (2021). Freedom of Expression: Another Look at How Much the Public Will Endorse. Communication Law and Policy, 26(2), 161–86.

Sánchez-Navarro, J., & Aranda, D. (2013). Messenger and Social Network Sites as Tools for Sociability, Leisure and Informal Learning for Spanish Young People. European Journal of Communication, 28(1), 67–75. https://doi.org/10.1177/0267323111432411.

Schafer, D. (2018). Cyberbullying in the Sheltering Darkness of Digital Anonymity. Cyberbullying at University in International Contexts, 215–17. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315189406.

Gabriele de, S. (2015). Memes in Digital Culture. New Media & Society. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444814563048.

Snyder, H. (2019). Literature Review as a Research Methodology: An Overview and Guidelines. Journal of Business Research, 104, 333–39. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.07.039.

Soldatova, A. V., Budrin, A. G, Budrina, E. V., Presnova, A. A & Semenov, V. P. (2021). Digital Communications Management of the Organization in the Conditions of the Media Prosumerism Development. In 2021 International Conference on Quality Management, Transport and Information Security, Information Technologies (IT&QM&IS), 903–6. IEEE.

Sutinah & Suyanto, B. (2015). Metode Penelitian Sosial : Berbagai Alternatif Pendidikan. Edited by Bagong Suyanto and Sutinah. Jakarta: Kencana.

Swaggerty, E. A., & Broemmel, A. D. (2017). Authenticity, Relevance, and Connectedness: Graduate Students’ Learning Preferences and Experiences in an Online Reading Education Course. Internet and Higher Education, 32, 80–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2016.10.002.

Taneja, H., Wu, A. X., & Edgerly, S. (2018). Rethinking the Generational Gap in Online News Use: An Infrastructural Perspective. New Media & Society, 20(5), 1792–1812.

Testa, G., Mestre-Bach, G., Actis, C. C., Potenza, M. N. (2023). Problematic Pornography Use in Adolescents: From Prevention to Intervention. Current Addiction Reports, 10(2), 210–18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40429-023-00469-4.

Wallace, K. A. (1999). Anonymity. Ethics and Information Technology, 1(1), 21–35. https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/anonymity/docview/222241627/se-2?accountid=17242.

Weinstein, E., James, C. (2021). Leaning Into Digital Dilemmas: How Educators’ Perspectives Can Inform New Civics Education. Teachers College Record, 123(11), 38–56. https://doi.org/10.1177/01614681221087292.

Williamson, B., & Hague, C. (2009). Digital Participation, Digital Literacy, and School Subjects: A Review of the Policies, Literature and Evidence.

World Economic Forum. (2019). ASEAN Youth Technology, Skill and the Future of Work. Centre for the New Economy and Society, 1–17.

Zhao, S., Grasmuck, S., & Martin, J. (2008). Identity Construction on Facebook: Digital Empowerment in Anchored Relationships. Computers in Human Behavior, 24(5), 1816–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2008.02.012.

Zhu, J., Ni, P., Tong, G., Wang, G., & Huang, J. (2021). Influence Maximization Problem with Echo Chamber Effect in Social Network. IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems, 8 5), 1163–71.

Zins, C. (2006). Redefining Information Science: From ‘Information Science’ to ‘Knowledge Science.’ Journal of Documentation, 62(4), 447–61.

Published

2024-03-30

How to Cite

Wardhana, A. W. P., Tiara, A. T. L., Sugihartati, R. ., Asmiyanto, T. ., & Wibowo, M. P. . (2024). PARADIGMA KEBEBASAN BERPENDAPAT: ANONIMITAS, BUDAYA PARTISIPASI, DAN DOMINASI SUBYEKTIFITAS PENGETAHUAN DI RUANG DIGITAL. Jurnal Abdi Insani, 11(1), 913–922. https://doi.org/10.29303/abdiinsani.v11i1.1468

Issue

Section

section editor

Most read articles by the same author(s)